Hairs
Faded flower heads and their stems have hard hairs that may injure the animals eating them (Ball et al., 2000).
Secondary metabolites
Like other clover species, crimson clover contains tannins, isoflavones and other secondary metabolites, which may have positive or negative effects on animal nutrition and production (Oleszek et al., 2007; Cabiddu et al., 2010).
