Erosion control and soil improver
Neem is suitable for dune fixation and for soil reclamation in areas where salinity occurs. Neem seed cake is used as an organic manure that improves the efficiency of added N fertilizer as it delays the nitrification of soil. Neem leaves and small twigs can be used as mulch. In Burkina Faso, mulch made with neem leaves increased the yield of sorghum grain by 0.5 t/ha/year (Orwa et al., 2009; Tilander et al., 1997).
Shade, shelter and afforestation
Neem is a valuable shade tree that is particularly appreciated in India where it is planted on avenues, along roads and in villages (Orwa et al., 2009). It provides a good windbreak but, in the Philippines, it does not survive typhoons (Ahmed et al., 1997). In Haiti, it has been suggested to use neem for afforestation (Bostid, 1992).
Intercropping
In India, intercropping neem with pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) gave good results (Orwa et al., 2009).